As the global economy reorients itself to meet the needs of the fourth industrial revolution, its dependence on particular resources has become apparent. The components of today’s energy and digital infrastructure—including fiber optic cables, solar panels, batteries, microchips, and magnets—all require critical minerals. The demand for such minerals is already generating opportunities for investors and for countries with significant reserves. At the same time, ensuring a reliable supply of these minerals is a strategic priority for the world’s great powers. In this context, African countries, which hold 30% of global critical mineral reserves (Mo Ibrahim Foundation 2022), are important destinations for international…