European authorities are also debating how to treat multi-issuance stablecoins, such as Circle Internet’s (CRCL) USDC, which can be minted by multiple distinct legal entities across different jurisdictions, yet presented to users as a single, fungible token.

When MiCA was designed, it was definitely the European Commission’s intention to support multi-issuance models, according to Catarina Veloso, director, regulatory and compliance at Notabene, a protocol designed to bring crypto transactions into the everyday economy. But during the implementation stage, different stakeholders within the EU, including the ECB, pushed back because they have their own views on the resulting risks.

The real value of stablecoins is that they are…