It is clear to anyone living in Europe and the US that we are now living in a world of greater geopolitical uncertainty, as major faultlines have appeared between the US and Europe when it comes to support for the US–Israel/Iran conflict and the Ukraine/Russia conflict.

Magnified by these conflicts, European nations can no longer rely on the US coming to Europe’s defence, or at the very least footing the bill for that defence, and all European nations have been urged by the US to bear their fair share and to raise their respective defence spending dramatically and urgently.

Currently Nato requires allies to spend at least 2 per cent of their national GDP on core military expenditures.

At the 2025 Nato summit in The Hague, allies made…