In brief
- Layer-1 blockchains (L1s) are the foundational networks that validate, record, and finalize transactions independently.
- Core components include network nodes, consensus mechanisms, execution layers, and native tokens.
- They include major platforms like Bitcoin, Ethereum, Solana, Cardano, and Avalanche, each using different consensus algorithms.
A layer-1, or L1, blockchain is the base network of a blockchain ecosystem. It operates independently—without relying on other chains for validation or execution—and handles everything from transaction processing to consensus and data storage on its own ledger.
Often called the mainnet or settlement layer, a layer-1 blockchain forms the ground floor upon which all other blockchain…
Nov 23 2025
